Power transmission



March 3, 1951 D. B. GARDINER ET AL 2,544,937

POWER TRANSMISSION Fil ed Jan. 4, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet l 4 INVENTORS ERNST F. KLESSIG DUNCAN B. GARDINER JOHN F. JEANNIN W KM ATTORN EY March 13, 1951 D. B. GARDINER ET AL 2,544,937

POWER TRANSMISSION Filed Jan. 4, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS ERNST F. K SSIG DUNCAN B. DINER JOHN F. JEANNIN BY WK AwaM ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 13, 1951 POWER TRANSMISSION Duncan B. Gardiner, Detroit, Ernst F. Klessig, Berkeley, and John F. J eannin, Detroit, Mich., assignors to Vickers Incorporated, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application January 4, 1947, Serial No. 720,142

12 Claims. 1

is of the closed core type which presents manufacturing difliculties and operating trouble resulting from foreign matter lodged in th passage and unexpectedly released during pumping operation.

In the present invention an open-faced cored inlet passage has been provided whereby the intricate arcuate cores have been dispensed with. In fact the inlet passage may be formed by machining a groove in the end face of pump recess. The present design also provides pump bushings adapted to form partitions between the openfaced inlet passage and the working chambers of the. rotor.

One of the objects of th present invention is to provide a pump design employing an openfaced cored recess or groove as an inlet passage in the end face of the body counterbore.

Another object is to provide a pump body having an open-faced inlet passage separated from rotor working chambers by a bushing which func tions as a partition.

Pumps of the balanced vane typea're not in-.

herently reversible, but require changes in the relative positions of certain elements. In the pump shown herein, the cartridge may be readily removed for conversion. Means are provided for assuring the assembly of the elements in their correct positions regardless of direction of rotation.

Therefore, an object of the invention is to provide a reversible vane pump of a simple and economical construction and foolproof assembly.

The body recess in which the pump cartridge is mounted is of the straight counterbore design with no mechanical provisions for adjusting the bearing tension of the element in relation to the operational friction. An end cap adapted to enter the counterbore is provided. A snap ring is employed for preventing the cap from being involuntarily removed. The cap is separated from the cartridge bushing in order to provide a pressure chamber communicating with the outlet pressure and the side of the bushing or pressure head, whereby the pressure may maintain the pump elements incorrect bearing relationship regardless of operating load.

Therefore, another object of the present invention 'is to provide pressure means for maintaining the pump elements in correct bearing re: lationship and varying the same in proportion to. changes in the operating pressure. '5

Another object is to provide a simple pump design adapted to employ a snap ring as the sole assembly fastening means.

The general object of the present design is to provide a vane typepump adapted to be readily converted from one direction of rotation to the opposite direction and at the same time provide open-cored passages for admitting the suction fluid and delivering the pressure fluid in an economical and efiicient manner.

Further objects, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings wherein a preferred form of the present invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a vane pump in sectionincorporating a preferred form of the in-' vention.

Figure 2 is a side elevation in section of the pump shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section on line 33 of Figure 1. Figure 4 is a section on line 44 of Figure 2.- Figure 5 is a View similar to Figure 4 with the position of the cam ring and the rotor and vanes to the open face cored-passage 24 in the bottomface 26 of the counterbore 28. The rotor I2 is provided with vanes Sdreciprocably mounted inradial slots 32 and adapted to bear on vane ring M to form variable .workingchambersM between the bushings or pressure-heads. l6 and f8. Pressure head [8 is :fixed in position'butoressure head I6 is adapted to move axially on shaft 20.- Outlet ports 36 in bushing l6 and inlet ports 38' in bushing I8 communicate with the working chambers 34 during rotation of the rotor l2.

It will thus be seen that a novel type of inlet passage has been provided to avoid the difiicul-' ties of intricate cored passages in the pump body. In fact the open passage 24 in face 26 ofthe pump recess 28 may be formed by direct machining operations. Therefore a groove 24 might be milled in the face 26 and connected to the external inlet 22 by a drilled passage.

Such open grooves 24 being adjacent working chambers 34 would normally communicate directly with rotor 1E2. ;;In the present design the bushing +8 forms a partition wall between the grooves 24 and working chambers 35 and the admission of suction fluid is controlled by inlet port 38 through the bushing l8.

A pin 40 is adapted to angularly fix the pump cartridge element in correct assembled-positions. The pin 40 is adapted to fit holes .42 and A l bushings l6 and I8, respectively, and bottom in hole 46 of the body. The head of pin 40 retained in hole 48 of the cap 54] and the central portion fits either hole 52 (Figure 4) or 54 (Figure 5) in ring I4 according to the the direction of rotation.

The cap 50 fits the .counterbore 28 in body M! and is normally separated axially from :the rotor I2 to form pressure chamber .516 which communicates with outlet connection 51. The axially shiftable pressure head .16 is positioned in the pressure chamber :56 and adapted .to :be held sealing contact with rotor 1'2 and ring 114. Lugs 58 prevent the :cap 50 from bottoming .on the bushing 1;? and snap 16.0 is mounted in angular groove :62 .of the .counterbore against the outer rim of cap 50. The bushing 1:5 is provided with passages :64 connecting the pressure chamber "55 .sages "H! at the inner end of the wane slots 32 of rotor 12, all for .the purpose of supplying pressure fluid beneath the vanes to hold them in contact with zthering.

Therefore, the advantages described .-a;bov.e in relation to .open groove .24 eliminating intricate cored passages through the body, also apply to the pressure chamber 56.. it provides an .economical means for directing pressure fluid from the diametrically opposed outlet ports .35 to the outlet connection 157.. The bushing if) also functions as a partition between the outlet passage or membe 5. n he w k n c ambers 3! similar to bushing 18.

Th sh s. rotatab e sup or e by ba bearings 1 and 4 a d is :fi ed to r or 42 by spl' e 35. A, shaft seal 1 8 is provided and comprises a sn de mem :8 or di ec i g t e cy indrical sealing element -82 radially against the shaft #0 u d th pr s ure o spring 84,

{The s rait, including the seal 18 and bearing Ll, are inserted in bores 85 and 88., respectively, and the flange ,8!) is drawn up by the screws A92 to complete the assembly. Torus .or 0 ring seals :94, i and 98 are employed .on the periphery of the shaft seal 8., the hub of bushing 1.6, and the periphery of cap 59, respectively. The torus searl comprises atorusshapedresilient sealing element mounted an angular groove and in contact the ad ac nt surface of the mating piece.

" operation. re ardless of the di ecti n or roe tation pi drive shaft 25) and rotor 12, suction lui is drawn inthrough inlet connection 22 and s. QQpducted by passage 24 to the inlet ports 38 n bushing 8- As the avoids-ing chambers 34 pass the-inlet ports .38, fluid .is admitted and conducted :tooutlet ports 35 in bushing 16 where the pressure fluid enters the pressure chamber :51; and i discharged therefrom to outlet connec= ion To convert the pump for opposite rotation, the snap ring 60 is removed from th groove 62, and the cap 50 and pump cartridge withdrawn from the counterbore 28. The pin 40 is extracted from hole 5 and the rotor I2 is rotated axially end for end. The cam ring I l is angularly displaced thr0l h=99 until the pin 4;0 willaalignand enter hole 52 in ring IA. The pump cartridge is then placed in the counterbore 28 and the end cap 50 is secured by snap ring 60.

The lugs 58 on cap 50 are adapted to bottom against bushing IE to prevent the cap 50 from entering .the countelfbore 28 too far. However, the cap 5:0, including the lugs 58 are normally spaced from the bushing It by means of outlet pressure in chamber 56 acting to separate the cap 5;! and bushing 15 :by force. As the operating pressure increases, pressure in the working chambers 34 tends to separate the bushings. At the same time, operating pressure in pressure chamber 15:6 counteracts the internal pressure the working chambers '34 and exerts a predominating force tending to shift the movable head 116 into sealing contact with the ring and rotor and thereby maintain the parts in correct bearing relationship in proportion-to the variation in operating'pressure.

It will thus :be seen that the present invention is .a novel vane type pump providing improved operational .and construction characteristics as .a result :of the simplified .design. This is accomplished part by converting passages to the open-faced core type and employing a straight counterbore pump recess and pressure means for maintaining the pump element in correct bear.- ing relationship.

While the form of embodiment of the invention as herein disclosed constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows:

:1. A rotary vane pump-comprising a body provided with external inlet and outlet connections and having a cylindrical receivin recess, a rotary pumping unit of cylindrical iorm slidably positioned in said recess and including a :vane carrying rotor circumscribed :by a-cam ring, two bushings, one on each side of the ring and rotor, inlet ports in one bushing and outlet ports in the other bushing, a groove in the end of the recess connected to one of the external body connections and adapted to communicate with the ports in the adjacent bushing, an end cap in the opposite end of the recess adjacent the other bushing but axially separated therefrom to form with the body a combined outlet duct and pressure chamber in communication with the ports in thatbushing and also with the other external body connection whereby fluid delivered through said chamber urges the component parts of the pumping :unit into compact engagement with each other and against the opposite end of the recess.

.2. A rotary vane pump comprising a body'll ovided with external inlet and outlet connections and havingaeylindrical receiving recess, a rotary pumping unit of cylindrical form slidably positioned in said recess and including a vane carrying rotor circumscribed by a cam ring, two bushings, one on each side of the ring and rotor, diametrically opposed arcuate inlet ports in one bushing and diametrically opposed arcuate outlet ports in the other bushing, the inlet ports in one bushing being angularly displaced from the outlet'ports in the other bushing by an angle of ninety degrees, a groove in the end of the recess connected to one of the external body connections and adapted to communicate with the ports in the adjacent bushing, an end cap in the opposite end of the recess adjacent the other bushing but axially separated therefrom to form with the body a combined outlet duct and pressure chamber in communication with the ports in that bushing and also with the other external body connection whereby fluid delivered through said chamber urges the component parts of the pumping unit into compact engagement with each other and against the opposite end of the recess.

3. In a vane pump of the type employing a body provided with a counterbore for receiving a pump cartridge including a rotor, cam ring, and two side bushings, inlet ports in one bushing and outlet ports in the other bushing, the cartridge elements being free to adjust their positions axially within confined limits, an end cap positioned in the mouth of the counterbor and normally separated from the outer bushing of the cartridge assembly for providing a combination passage and pressure chamber therebetween, means for directing all outlet pressure fluid through the chamber and maintaining the cartridge assembly elements in correct bearing relationship corresponding to the delivery pressure of the pump, and inlet passages in the body in communication with the inlet ports of the other bushing.

4. In a vane pump of the type employing a body provided with a counterbore for receiving a pump cartridge including a rotor, cam ring, and two side bushings, inlet ports in one bushing and outlet ports in the other bushing, an open face cored inlet passage in the end face of the counterbore adapted to communicate with the inlet ports in the bushing, and the cartridge elements being free to adjust their positions axially within confined limits, an end cap positioned in the mouth of the counterbore and normally separated from the outer bushing of the cartridge assembly for providing a combination passage and pressure chamber therebetween, means for directing all outlet pressure fluid through the chamber and maintainin the cartridge assembly elements in correct bearing relationship corresponding to the delivery pressure of the pump.

5. In a rotary pump the combination of a stator, a rotor mounted therein and forming a fluid intake zone and a fluid delivery zone, an

inlet supply passage and a fluid delivery passage in the stator one on each side of the rotor, the inlet supply passage leading directly to the fluid intake zone, means forming a fluid pressure delivery chamber in the stator connected to the fluid delivery passage and immediately adjacent the rotor, a cheek plate floatably mounted in the chamber, and a fluid delivery port extending through the cheek plate registering with the fluid delivery zone and directly connecting the delivery zone to the delivery chamber, said cheek plate being maintained in fluid sealing engagement aaginst the rotor by fluid pressure in the fluid delivery chamber deliveredthereto through said port.

6. In a rotary pump the combination of a stator having a pumping recess, a rotor mounted in the recess and forming a fluid intake zone and a fluid delivery zone, said rotor carrying a plurality of substantially radially movable vanes which pass through the zones as the rotor turns, an inlet supply passage and a fluid delivery passage in the stator one on each side of the rotor, the inlet supply passage leading directly to the fluid intake zone, means forming a fluid pressure delivery chamber in the stator connected to the fluid delivery passage and immediately adjacent the rotor, a cheek plate floatably mounted in the chamber, and a fluid delivery port extending through the cheek plate registering with the fluid delivery zone and directly connecting the delivery zone to the delivery chamber, said check plate being maintained in fluid sealing engagement against the rotor by fluid pressure in the fluid delivery chamber delivered thereto through said port.

7. In a rotary pump the combination of a stator, a rotor mounted therein and forming a plurality of fluid intake zones'and a plurality of fluid delivery zones, an inlet supply passage and a fluid delivery passage in the stator one on each side of the rotor, the inlet supply passage having branches leading. directly to the fluid intake zones, means forming a fluid'pressure delivery chamber in the stator as a part of the fluid delivery passage and immediately adjacent the rotor, a cheek plate floatably mounted in the chamber, and fluid delivery ports extending through the cheek plate registering with the fluid delivery zones and directly connecting th delivery zones to the delivery chamber, said cheek plate being maintained in fluid sealing engagement against the rotor by fluid pressure in the fluid delivery chamber delivered thereto through said ports.

8. In a rotary pump the combination of a stator having a pumping recess, a rotor mounted in the recess and forming a plurality of fluid intake zones and a plurality of fluid delivery zones, said rotor carrying a plurality of sub stantially radially movable vanes which pass through the zones as the-rotor turns, an inlet supply passage and a fluid delivery passage in the stator one on each side of the rotor, the inlet supply passage having branches leading directly to the fluid intake zones, means forming a fluid pressure delivery chamber in the stator as a part of the fluid delivery passage and immediately adjacent the rotor, a cheek plate floatably mounted in the chamber, and fluid delivery ports extending through the cheek plate registering with the fluid delivery zones and directly connecting the delivery zones to the delivery chamber, said cheek plate being maintained in fluid sealing engagement against the rotor by fluid pressure in the fluid delivery chamber delivered thereto through said ports.

9. In a rotary pump, the combination of a housing having a pumping chamber, pumping mechanism mounted in the chamber including means forming a fluid inlet zone and a fluid outlet zone; an inlet passage in the housing completely on one side of the pumping mechanism and leading to the fluid inlet zone, an end member secured to the housing on the opposite side of, and having a portion spaced from, the pumping mechanism to form a combined outlet duct and fluid delivery chamber, a cheek plate floatably mounted in the delivery chamber, and porting means connecting the fluid outlet zone to the delivery chamber on the side of the cheek plate opposite to that facing the pumping mechanism, said cheek plate being maintained in fluid sealing engagement against the pumping mechanism by fluid pressure in the fluid delivery chamber.

10. In a rotary pump, the combination'of a housing having a pumping chamber, pumping mechanism mounted in the chamber including means forming a fluid :inletzone and :a z-fi-u-id outlet zone, an :inlet passage in the housing completely on one side :of the pumping mechanism and leading .to the fluid inlet zone, an end mem- :ber secured :to the housing on the opposi e side of, and having :a portion spaced from, the pumping mechanism to form .a combined outlet duct :and fluid delivery chamber, and a check plate floatably mounted in the delivery chamber and having :an outlet opening extending therethrough registering with the fluid outlet zone, said cheek plate being maintained in fluid sealing engagement against :the pumping mechanism by fluid preseureinithe deli-very chamber delivered thereto through the cheek aplate outlet op n n 11. 1A rotary vane hump comprising a housing haying, a pumping chamber, :a slotted rotor carrying a plurality of substantially radially movable wanes and mounted in the chamber to form 'afluidfintakezoneand a fluid outlet zone through which the vanes move as the rotor turns, an :inlet passage in the housing completely on one :side of the rotor andleading directly to the fluid intake :zone, an end member secured to the housing on the opposite side of, and having ,a portion spaced from, the rotor to :form a combined outlet duct :andfluid delivery chamber immediately ad- 'jacent the rotor, 1a cheek plate giloatably mounted in :the delivery chamber, and porting means conmeeting the fiu'id outlet zone to the fluid delivery chamber on the side of the cheek plate opposite :to that racing the rotor, said cheek plate being maintained in fluid sealing engagement against the :rotor by fluid pressure in the fluid deliver-y chambe 12 A rotary vane pump comprising a housing having a pumping chamber, a slotted rotor car- Tyin a plurality of substantially radially movable vanes and mounted in the chamber to form :a fluid intake Zone and efluid outlet zone through which the yanes move as therotor turns, an inlet passage in the housing completely on one side of the rotor and leading directly to the fluid intake zone, an end member secured to the housto through the cheek plate outlet opening.

DUNCAN .IB. GARDINER.

ERNST F. KLESSIG.

JOHN E, JEANNIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references .are of record in the file of *this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number .Name Date 715,722 Womer Dec. 6, 1902 904,781 Hoar-diet a1. Nov. :24, 1908 994,392 Hauer June 6, 1911 1,010,956 Read et ,al Dec. 5 191-1 1,048,453 Holt Dec. 24, 1912 1,590,384 Kucher .June 29, 1926 1,635,522 Wilson July 12, 1927 1,730,145 Hildreth Oct. 1, 1929 1,989,900 Vickers Feb. 5, 19.35 2,096,490 Hansen Oct. 19, 1937 2,141,170 Centervall 1 Dec. 27, 1938 2,312,891 Ferris Mar. 2, 1943 2,313,015 Kendrick et a1. Mar. 9, 194.3 2,372,816 Deschamps et al. Apr. 3, 1945 2,384,872 Baker etal. 1 Sept. 18, 1945 2,393,223 Rosen Jan. 15, 1946 2,420,622 Roth et a1. May 13, 1947 2,423,507 Lawton. July 8, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 23,3,064 Great Britain May 7, 1925 274,041 Great Britain, Oct. 27, 1927 

